Yao Shun Translation Tips on Practice - Until 的陷阱
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Until 的陷阱

對於不少翻譯朋友來說,until 一字是很危險的陷阱,稍一疏忽,翻譯時可能弄出相反的意思。請看以下例子:

原文: "The PRC gold mining industry generally had been heavily regulated since 1949 and until recent years domestic producers were required to sell their production to the central bank at a fixed price."

譯文: 「一般而言,中國黃金礦業自一九四九年以來受嚴格監管,直至近年本地生產商仍須按固定價格將其所有產品出售予中央銀行。」

根據《Collins COBUILD English Dictionary for Advanced Learners》的定義,"If something happens until a particular time, it happens during the period before that time and stops at that time."。換句話說,緊接until的時間指的是停止時間,例如"He was the chairman of the committee until 2003.",意思是二零零三年前他是主席,甚麼時候開始當主席呢?句子沒有說,可是卻清楚告訴我們他現在(二零零四年)已經卸任了。

因此,文首一句話的意思是,自一九四九年起,境內開採的黃金一直須按固定價格賣給中央銀行,可是這項安排在前幾年已經告一段落,並非指「近年......仍須」如此。

改正後的譯文大致如下:
「自一九四九年以來,中國採金業普遍受到嚴格監管,境內生產商一律要按固定價格,將產品賣給中央銀行,這個規定直至近年才告取消。」

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